Association Between Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals Exposure and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Kang-Eun Yeo1,2, Seungbee Lim3, Aelin Kim3, You Bin Lim1,4, Chae Rim Lee4, Johanna Inhyang Kim5, and Bung-Nyun Kim1,4
1Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
2Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
3Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
4Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
5Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
2Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
3Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
4Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
5Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Correspondence to: Bung-Nyun Kim, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
Tel: +82-2-2072-3647, Fax: +82-2-747-2471, E-mail: kbn1@snu.ac.kr
Tel: +82-2-2072-3647, Fax: +82-2-747-2471, E-mail: kbn1@snu.ac.kr
Received August 30, 2024; Revised October 28, 2024; Accepted October 28, 2024.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
- Abstract
- Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), specifically phthalates, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S, and the severity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms using neuropsychological tests in children diagnosed with ADHD.
Methods: This study included 67 medication-naïve children with ADHD aged 6–16 years. The urinary concentrations of EDCs were measured, and ADHD symptom severity was evaluated using neuropsychological tests and clinical symptom scale measurements. The Jonckheere–Terpstra test, Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses, linear regression models, and multiple regression models were used to examine the relationship between EDC exposure and ADHD symptoms.
Results: A significant correlation was observed between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and commission error T-scores in the visual Advanced Test of Attention test. No significant associations were found with other neuropsychological indicators or bisphenol levels.
Conclusion: Phthalate exposure affects impulsivity in children with ADHD, which is consistent with the results of previous studies that used parental surveys. However, bisphenols are not clearly associated with ADHD symptoms, which is consistent with the results of previous studies. - Keywords : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; Endocrine disrupting chemicals; Phthalate; Bisphenol A; Bisphenol F; Bisphenol S; Neuropsychological test
- January 2025, 36 (1)
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Author ORCID Information-
- Kang-Eun Yeo
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2949-2028 - Seungbee Lim
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1217-2357 - Aelin Kim
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7107-5488 - You Bin Lim
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0829-2656 - Chae Rim Lee
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4353-9005 - Johanna Inhyang Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-0934 - Bung-Nyun Kim
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-3291
Funding Information-
- National Research Foundation of Korea
10.13039/501100003725
NRF-2020M3E5D9080787, NRF-2015M3C7A1028926 - Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
10.13039/501100014188
NRF-2020M3E5D9080787, NRF-2015M3C7A1028926
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